Highlights
- •The estimated prevalence of anti-AQP4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is relatively high in the city of São Paulo.
- •The estimated prevalence of MOG antibody associated disease (MOGAD) is relatively low in the city of São Paulo.
Abstract
Background
Numerous studies addressed the prevalence of multiple sclerosis, but prevalence studies
of NMOSD and, particularly, MOGAD are scarce. We aimed to estimate the prevalence
of NMOSD and MOGAD in the city of São Paulo, based on the known prevalence of MS.
Methods
In this observational study, we determined the total number of patients with central
nervous system demyelinating disease on regular follow-up in a university referral
center in São Paulo, from May 2019 to May 2021 according to the diagnosis of multiple
sclerosis (MS), NMOSD and MOGAD using the current diagnostic criteria for these diseases.
We used the MS: NMOSD and MS: MOGAD ratios to estimate the ratio of these diseases
in São Paulo, Brazil.
Results
We identified 968 patients with MS, 133 patients with AQP4 positive NMOSD, and 28
patients with MOGAD. We found the MS: NMOSD ratio of 7,28 and the MS: MOGAD ratio
of 34,57. We estimated a prevalence of 2,1 per 100,000 inhabitants for NMOSD and of
0,4 per 100,000 inhabitants for MOGAD.
Conclusion
The prevalence of NMOSD is high in São Paulo, but the prevalence of MOGAD is low when
compared with the prevalence found in most of the studies reported to date.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 23, 2022
Accepted:
December 22,
2022
Received in revised form:
November 25,
2022
Received:
September 2,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
