In recent years, studies have shown that multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence has greatly
increased in different geographical areas of Iran (
Pakdel et al., 2020
;
Hosseinzadeh et al., 2021
). The increases in MS incidence in Iran are usually attributed to obesity and overweight
childhood, cigarette and waterpipe smoking, vitamin D deficiency, urbanization, industrialization,
and air pollution (
Amiri, 2021
;
Hosseinzadeh et al., 2019
;
Asmarian et al., 2021
). However, one of the most important factors that may be related to the increase
of MS incidence in Iran and has been neglected is the “Will Rogers phenomenon".To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Multiple Sclerosis and Related DisordersAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
Reference
- Multiple sclerosis in Iran: an epidemiological update with focus on air pollution debate.J. Clin. Transl. Res. 2021; 7: 49
- Multiple sclerosis incidence rate in southern Iran: a bayesian epidemiological study.BMC Neurol. 2021; 21: 1-9
- Epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis: a population-based study in Isfahan, Iran, between 1997 and 2020.J. Neurol. 2021; 20: 222
- The will rogers phenomenon: stage migration and new diagnostic techniques as a source of misleading statistics for survival in cancer.N. Engl. J. Med. 1985; 312: 1604-1608
- Geographic variations of multiple sclerosis in Iran: a population based study.Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 2019; 28: 244-249
- Is the sharp increasing trend of multiple sclerosis incidence real in Iran?.BMC Neurol. 2021; 21: 1-5
- The will rogers phenomenon, breast cancer and race.BMC Cancer. 2021; 21: 1-11
- Dramatic changes in multiple sclerosis prevalence in Iran: a descriptive study in ten regions of Iran.Int. Arch. Health Sci. 2020; 7: 182-186
- Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria.Ann. Neurol. 2011; 69: 292-302
- Will rogers phenomenon in multiple sclerosis.Ann. Neurol. 2008; 64: 428-433
Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 05, 2022
Accepted:
October 4,
2022
Received in revised form:
September 24,
2022
Received:
September 12,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.