Highlights
- •MS patients had significantly lower levels of adropin than the healthy controls (p = 0.003).
- •Adropin is expressed in the midbrain-hindbrain and performs its physiological function via hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons. But no correlation was found between adropn levels and hypothalamic atrophy.
- •Adropin on endothelial cell protection is associated with increased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) via neural recognition molecule 3 (NB3) /Notch. So adropin may be related to the CADASIL or pathophysiology of MS-like vasculopathy.
Abstract
Objective Adropin is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and regulates nitric
oxide (NO) bioavailability by upregulating nitric oxide. In recent years, some studies
have revealed its relationship with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Our
aim in this study is to determine serum adropin levels in MS patients and to investigate
adropin levels's relationship with hypothalamic atrophy.
Methods A total of 80 people, 40 of whom had MS and 40 of whom were healthy volunteers,
were included in the study. Serum samples were taken from all participants. Hypothalamus
and pituitary diameters were calculated from magnetic resonance imaging of MS patients.
The relationship between serum adropin levels and demographic characteristics, Expanded
Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and hypothalamic atrophy were evaluated.
Results The levels of adropin were 0.85±0.14 ng/mL in patients with MS and 2.96 ng/mL±0.285 ng/mL
in the healthy controls. MS patients had significantly lower levels of adropin than
the healthy controls (p = 0.003). Adropin has the highest diagnostic value (AUC=0.874, (95% CI, 0,800–0,947)
as cut-off value (838.00), sensitivity (80.43%) and specificity (70.64%) in the MS
group. In the study, serum adropin levels were not significantly correlated with 3
ventricle diameter (3VD) and pituitary diameter (PD) size (p = 0,968) and no significant relationships were determined between adropin and other
clinical parameters.
Conclusion As a potential diagnostic marker, adropin levels were significantly lower
in MS patients than in those without. Comprehensive studies are needed to verify this
entity.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
EDSS (Expanded Disability Status Scale), 3VD (3 ventricle diameter), PD (pituitary diameter), CNS (central nervous system), APC (antigen presenting cells), COX1 (cytochrome C oxidase 1), ENHO (Energy Homeostasis Associated), BBB (blood-brain barrier), CSX (Cardiac syndrome X), eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), HYP (hypothalamus), HPA (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal), PVN (paraventricular nucleus), Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2), Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1), Maf (Maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 25, 2022
Accepted:
June 5,
2022
Received in revised form:
June 2,
2022
Received:
April 19,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
