Highlights
- •Scarce evidence comparing brain atrophy in positive and negative AQP4 patients.
- •Brain and lesion volume measurements taken by automated software.
- •Analysis performed in a Latin American population.
- •No differences in lesion distribution at onset and brain volumes during follow-up.
- •Differences observed in lesion distribution and brain volumes between NMOSD and MS.
Abstract
Introduction
There is scarce evidence comparing the behavior in magnetic resonance (MRI) between
positive and negative aquaporin-4 antibody neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
(P-NMOSD and N NMOSD, respectively). The aim of this study was to describe and compare MRI features
through a quantitative and qualitative analysis between P-NMOSD and NNMOSD patients in a cohort from Latin American (LATAM) patients.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the MRI and medical records of NMOSD patients as defined
by the 2015 validated diagnostic criteria, and with at least 3 years of follow-up
from disease onset (first symptom). We included patients from Argentina, Brazil and
Venezuela. To be included, NMOSD patients must have had AQP4-ab status measured by
a cell-based assay. Brain MRIs were obtained for each participant at disease onset
and every 12 months for 3 years. Demographics, clinical and MRI variables (T2 lesion
volume [T2LV], lesion distribution, cortical thickness [CT] and percentage of brain
volume loss [PBVL]) were analyzed and compared between groups (P-NMOSD; NNMOSD) at disease onset and follow-up. A multiple sclerosis (MS) control group of patients
was also included.
Results
We included 24 P-NMOSD, 15 NNMOSD and 35 MS patients. No differences in age, gender and follow-up time were observed
between groups. Nor were differences found in lesion distribution at disease onset
or in brain volumes during follow-up between P-NMOSD and NNMOSD patients (T2LV = 0.43, CT = 0.12, PBVL p = 0.45). Significant differences were observed in lesion distribution at disease
onset, as well as in brain volumes during follow-up between NMOSD and MS (T2LV = p<0.001, CT = p<0.001, PBVL p = 0.01).
Conclusion
Different MRI features were observed between MS and NMOSD. However, no quantitative
nor qualitative differences were observed between P-NMOSD and NNMOSD, not allowing us to differentiate NMOSD conditions by MRI.
Keywords
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Souplet, J. C., Lebrun-Frenay, C., Ayache, N.& Malandain, G., 2020. An Automatic Segmentation of T2FLAIR Multiple Sclerosis Lesions Release 0.00.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 14, 2020
Accepted:
March 8,
2020
Received in revised form:
February 4,
2020
Received:
December 2,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
