Highlights
- •Autoantibodies have emerged as biomarkers for neuroimmunological diseases.
- •Cell-based assays (CBA) are useful in clinical practice for cell-surface antigens.
- •ELISA and western-blot may be inaccurate for conformational sensitive antibodies.
- •CBA is used for detection of aquaporin-4-IgG, MOG-IgG and other autoantibodies.
Abstract
The identification of autoantibodies in central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory
disorders improves diagnostic accuracy and the identification of patients with a relapsing
disease. Usual methods to detect autoantibodies are usually divided into 3 categories:
tissue-based assays, protein-based assays and cell-based assays (CBA). Tissue-based
assays are commonly used for initial identification of autoantibodies based on staining
patterns and co-localization. Once the antigen is known, autoantibodies can be detected
using other antigen-specific methods based on recombinant proteins and CBA using transfected
cells expressing the protein in their cell membranes. Compared to traditional methods
using recombinant proteins such as ELISA and western blot, the CBA have advantage
of detecting conformational sensitive antibodies using natively folded proteins in
the cell membrane. This article reviews the utility of CBA into the clinical practice.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 15, 2019
Accepted:
November 14,
2019
Received in revised form:
October 29,
2019
Received:
July 3,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
