Highlights
- •Patients with multiple sclerosis have higher attentional impulsivity scores.
- •Impulsivity in multiple sclerosis runs as a trait and not as a state.
- •There are no differences in motor and non-planning domains of impulsivity.
- •Subjects without multiple sclerosis have a higher number of correct detections.
Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease with a lifetime prevalence of 4.41/100000
in Bogota, Colombia. It is known that it can be related with neuropsychiatric disorders,
increasing by a factor of three the prevalence of depression in MS patients compared
to general population. However, less attention has been given to the association between
MS and impulsive behavior.
Methods
This cross-sectional study compared the levels of impulsivity controlling for the
presence of MS. 60 patients with MS and 60 sex- and age-matched subjects without MS
were included. In order to assess depression and impulsivity, participants completed
the 13-item short form of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF), the self-report
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11 (BIS-11) and the Immediate and Delayed Memory
Tasks (IMT-DMT) as an objective measure of impulsive behavior.
Results
Total scores, motor and cognitive subscales on the BIS-11 were significantly higher
in the MS group. However, median BDI-SF score was also higher in MS patients than
in subjects without MS (p < 0.001). To rule out depression as a confounding factor,
stratification was performed using the BDI-SF score. In the subgroup of individuals
with a BDI-SF< 8, the BIS-11 cognitive subscale scores were significantly higher in
patients with MS than in subjects without MS (p = 0.041). In the IMT/DMT test, subjects with MS had a fewer number of correct detections
than did subjects without MS, after controlling for BDI-SF score (p = 0.0001/p = 0.003). The ratio of commission errors to correct detections in the IMT was significantly
higher in the MS group (p = 0.011).
Conclusion
Patients with MS showed higher levels of cognitive impulsivity than subjects without
MS. Objective measures for impulsiveness further support this finding. Impulsiveness
scales scores might be biased by depression, which should be considered when assessing
impulsivity in MS.
Abbreviations:
BDI-SF (Beck Depression Inventory – Short Form), BIS-11 (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11), IMT/DMT (Immediate and Delayed Memory Tasks), CE (Commission errors), CD (Correct detections), RE (Random errors)Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 17, 2018
Accepted:
April 16,
2018
Received in revised form:
March 22,
2018
Received:
February 1,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
