Highlights
- •Anti-MOG antibodies are present in a subgroup of children with ADS.
- •Anti-MOG antibodies predict a non-MS disease course.
- •Diagnostic algorithm recommended anti-MOG IgG testing in subset of ADS.
- •Anti-MOG antibody-associated diseases are distinct form other ADS.
Abstract
Acquired demyelinating CNS syndromes include a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes
and different entities can overlap. Therefore, differential diagnosis is still challenging.
A humoral immune reaction against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is present
in a subgroup of these patients, particularly in children. Anti-MOG antibodies indicate
a non-multiple sclerosis disease course. Indeed, early publications have suggested
that anti-MOG antibodies argue for a monophasic course; recently an association with
a high risk for recurrent non-MS disease has been shown. According new data, antibody
analysis was included in a diagnostic algorithm for the diagnosis of acquired demyelinating
CNS syndromes in children. Here, recent data from the implementation of anti-MOG antibodies
in daily clinical practice are reviewed.
Abbreviations:
ADS (acquired demyelinating CNS syndromes), ADEM (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis), ADEMON (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis followed by optic neuritis), AQP4 (anti-aquaporin-4), CIS (clinically isolated syndrome), MDEM (multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis), MS (multiple sclerosis), MOG (myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein), ON (optic neuritis), RDS (relapsing acquired demyelinating syndromes), RON (relapsing optic neuritis), TM (transverse myelitis)Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 21, 2018
Accepted:
February 20,
2018
Received in revised form:
January 22,
2018
Received:
November 27,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
